Nicholas Casavelli, et ux. v. Donna Johanson, et al.

Whether a state court violates the Fourteenth Amendment's Due Process Clause by conducting a civil jury trial in the absence of pro se defendants, while one defendant is hospitalized with a documented life-threatening medical emergency (TIA/stroke and DKA), and despite the jury expressly questioning the fairness of proceeding in the defendants' absence.

1. Whether a state court judgment violates Due Process and judicial integrity under Hazel-Atlas Glass Co. v. Hartford-Empire Co. when it rests on a verdict form that was filed before deliberations concluded, lacked the foreperson’s signature ("SIGNATURE UNAVAILABLE"), was declared "absent" from the record, and was subsequently replaced nunc pro tunc with a duplicate bearing conflicting timestamps.

2. Whether a state court’s imposition of "vexatious litigant" pre-filing restrictions—which prevented the submission of evidence regarding fraud upon the court, attorney conflicts, or jurisdictional defects—violates the Fourteenth Amendment right of meaningful access to the courts by effectively insulating a constitutionally defective judgment from review.