Julius H. Schoeps, et al. v. Sompo Holdings, Inc., et al.

W hether the Holocaust Expropriated A rt Recovery Act of 2016 (HEAR Act), Pub. L. No. 114-308, 130 Stat. 1524 (2016), as amended by S. 1884 (enacted Apr. 13, 2026) allows federal courts to exercise their inherent federal equitable and common law authorities to adjudicate claims for the restitution of Nazi-confiscated artworks, or instead limits claimants exclusively to remedies based upon inconsistent state laws of commercial duress and unpredictable state choice of law rules.

W hether by w rong f ully deny ing speci f ic jurisdiction to claimants seeking the restitution of a Nazi-confiscated artwork Schoeps improperly obstructs U.S. foreign policy to facilitate the restitution of these mat er ia ls and – correspondingly – usurps de facto the exclusive foreign policy authority of Congress and the President.

W hether equitable estoppel precludes the federal judiciary from frustrating the reasonable detrimental reliance of both Holocaust victims and their heirs as well as fellow Terezin Declaration signatory nations that the HEAR Act would afford effective judicial remedies.