Supreme Court Report

Supreme Court of the United States · Official docket →

Cathy A. Harris v. Scott Bessent, Secretary of the Treasury, et al.

Paid petition · United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit, No. 25-5037, 25-5055 · judgment December 5, 2025


Certiorari denied · June 30, 2026
Pre-decision estimate: 7% cert probability (95% interval 5%–11%)

Before the decision, about 1.7× the 4.1% base rate. The model weighted this up for counsel who has won certiorari before, a D.C. Circuit decision below, and a petition filed soon after the judgment below.

Questions presented

  1. Whether Congress may provide by statute that members of the Merit Systems Protection Board—an adjudicatory body—“may be removed by the President only for inefficiency, neglect of duty, or malfeasance in office.” 5 U.S.C. § 1202(d).

  2. Whether, to the extent the Merit Systems Protection Board possesses some minimal non-adjudicatory powers, the appropriate remedy is to sever that authority rather than invalidate the for-cause removal provision. (i)

Counsel of record

For petitioner
Neal Kumar Katyal
Milbank LLP

For respondent
D. John Sauer
Solicitor General

Case

Conference history
Distributed for 2 conferences

Amicus briefs
5 cert-stage

Proceedings

  1. Jun 30 2026
    Petition DENIED.
  2. Jun 29 2026
    DISTRIBUTED for Conference of 6/29/2026.
  3. May 12 2026
    DISTRIBUTED for Conference of 5/28/2026.
  4. May 05 2026
    Reply of petitioner Cathy Harris filed.
  5. Apr 22 2026
    Brief of respondents Bessent, Scott, et al. filed.
  6. Apr 22 2026
    Brief amici curiae of Professor Nick Bednar, et al. filed.
  7. Apr 22 2026
    Brief amici curiae of Former Board Members, et al. filed.
  8. Apr 22 2026
    Brief amici curiae of Hawaii, et al. filed.
  9. Apr 22 2026
    Brief amicus curiae of Government Accountability Project filed.
  10. Apr 22 2026
    Brief amici curiae of United States Senator Chris Van Hollen, et al. filed.
  11. Mar 17 2026
    Petition for a writ of certiorari filed. (Response due April 22, 2026)