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RunItOneTime LLC, fka Maverick Gaming LLC v. United States, et al.

Paid petition · United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, No. 23-35136 · judgment December 13, 2024


Certiorari denied · October 6, 2025
Pre-decision estimate: 3% cert probability

Before the decision, well below the 4.1% base rate, with no standout signals pointing toward a grant.

Question presented

The Administrative Procedure Act (APA) provides that any person “adversely affected or aggrieved by agency action * * * is entitled to judicial review.” 5 U.S.C. § 702. But the Ninth Circuit holds that Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 19 requires dismissal of an APA suit whenever an Indian tribe that is not a party to the case, but benefits from the challenged federal agency action, claims an interest in the dispute and invokes sovereign immunity to avoid being joined. Applying that rule, the Ninth Circuit in this case upheld the dismissal under Rule 19 of petitioner’s APA suit seeking review of the Secretary of the Interior’s approval of tribal-state compacts—which the agency is actively defending—because a non-party tribe, respondent Shoalwater Bay Indian Tribe, benefits from that agency action but refused to be joined based on sovereign immunity. The question presented is: Whether Rule 19 requires dismissal of APA suits challenging federal agency action whenever a nonparty who benefited from that action asserts sovereign immunity.

Counsel of record

For petitioner
Lochlan Francis Shelfer
Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP

For respondent
Ian Heath Gershengorn
Jenner & Block

Case

Conference history
Distributed for 1 conference

Amicus briefs
1 cert-stage

Linked docket
24A804

Proceedings

  1. Oct 06 2025
    Petition DENIED.
  2. Sep 10 2025
    DISTRIBUTED for Conference of 9/29/2025.
  3. Sep 10 2025
    Rule 35 letter of petitioner and update to Rule 29.6 statement.
  4. Sep 10 2025
    Reply of petitioner Maverick Gaming LLC filed. (Distributed)
  5. Aug 27 2025
    Brief of Federal Respondents in opposition filed.
  6. Aug 27 2025
    Brief of respondent Shoalwater Bay Indian Tribe in opposition filed.
  7. Aug 27 2025
    Brief of State Respondents in opposition filed.
  8. Aug 01 2025
    Motion to extend the time to file a response is granted and the time is extended to and including August 27, 2025, for all respondents.
  9. Jul 31 2025
    Motion to extend the time to file a response from August 11, 2025 to August 27, 2025, submitted to The Clerk.
  10. Jun 12 2025
    Brief amicus curiae of California Gaming Association filed.
  11. May 29 2025
    Motion to extend the time to file a response is granted and the time is extended to and including August 11, 2025, for all respondents.
  12. May 28 2025
    Motion of the Washington State Respondents to extend the time to file a response from June 12, 2025 to August 11, 2025, submitted to The Clerk.
  13. May 09 2025
    Petition for a writ of certiorari filed. (Response due June 12, 2025)
  14. Feb 19 2025
    Application (24A804) granted by Justice Kagan extending the time to file until May 12, 2025.
  15. Feb 14 2025
    Application (24A804) to extend the time to file a petition for a writ of certiorari from March 13, 2025 to May 12, 2025, submitted to Justice Kagan.