Valerie Jackson v. Lupe Valdez, et al.

Whether a district court may disregard this Court’s precedent and the plain language of 28 U.S.C. § 144, review and rebut the merits of an affidavit submitted in support of a motion to recuse, and refuse to recuse. Whether, in a case addressing the violation of an individual’s civil rights, a presiding judge’s impartiality might reasonably be questioned under 28 U.S.C. § 455 when the judge has previously advocated against the civil rights of the entire class of citizens of which the individual is a member. Whether a Circuit Court of Appeals may issue a Substituted Opinion in a case after the mandate should have issued in relation to its Original Opinion and after its jurisdiction has terminated.