# Ok Charter School Board v. Drummond Nos. 24-394, 24-396 · Decided May 22, 2025 · 605 U. S. 165 > Prepared by Supreme Court Report from the PDF published by the Supreme Court of the United States. The PDF is the authoritative text; this copy can contain errors of conversion. Source: ## Syllabus 2024 OK 53, 558 P. 3d 1, affirmed by an equally divided Court. \* Together with No. 24–396, *St. Isidore of Seville Catholic Virtual School* v. *Drummond ex rel. Oklahoma*, also on certiorari to the same court. † Briefs of *amici curiae* urging reversal in both cases were filed for the American Center for Law and Justice et al. by *Jay Alan Sekulow, Benjamin P. Sisney, Jordan A. Sekulow, Stuart J. Roth,* and *Andrew J. Ekonomou*; for the Christian Legal Society et al. by *Eric W. Treene, Steven T. McFarland,* and *Laura Nammo*; for Classical Charter Schools of America, Inc., et al. by *Aaron M. Streett, J. Mark Little,* and *Travis L. Gray*; for the Covenant Journey Academy by *Mathew D. Staver, Anita L. Staver,* and *Horatio G. Mihet*; for EdChoice et al. by *Thomas M. Fisher, Bryan G. Cleveland, Cynthia Fleming Crawford,* and *Lawrence S. Ebner*; for the General Council of the Assemblies of God et al. by *Noel J. Francisco* and *Eric C. Rassbach*; for Great Hearts Academies et al. by *Denise M. Harle, Nicholas J. P. Meros*, and *Kassandra S. Reardon*; for the Jewish Coalition for Religious Liberty et al. by *Jacob Huebert* and *Howard Slugh*; for the Lepanto Institute by *Gerard V. Bradley*; for the Manhattan Institute by *Ilya Shapiro*; for National Religious Broadcasters by *Michael P. Farris*; for The Rutherford Institute by *Jason P. Gosselin* and *John W. Whitehead*; for the Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of America by *Lori H. Windham, Adèle A. Keim, Benjamin A. Fleshman, Andrea R. Butler,* and *Nathan J. Diament*; for the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops by *Benjamin M. Flowers*; for the Wisconsin Institute for Law & Liberty, Inc., by *Richard M. Esenberg* and *Luke Berg*; for the World Faith Foundation et al. by *James L. Hirsen, Tami Fitzgerald,* and *Deborah J. Dewart*; for Peter Deutsch by *Gordon D. Todd* and *Nicholas R. Reaves*; for Charles L. Glenn by *Eric N. Kniffin*; for Francis Keating II et al. by *Miles E. Coleman* and *Randall L. Wenger*; for Sen. James Lankford et al. by *Mark I. Pinkert, Jason Torchinsky,* and *Edward M. Wenger*; for John M. O’Connor et al. by *Thomas R. McCarthy* and *Tiffany H. Bates*; for Gov. J. Kevin Stitt by *Jonathan R. Whitehead*; for Ryan Walters et al. by *Allyson N. Ho, Elizabeth A. Kiernan, Kelly J. Shackelford, Jeffrey C. Mateer, Hiram S. Sasser III, David J. Hacker, Anthony J. Ferate,* and *Andrew W. Lester*; for S. Ernie Walton by *Christopher T. Holinger*; and for the Wolff Family by *Will K. Wright*. Briefs of *amici curiae* urging affirmance in both cases were filed for the Advancement Project et al. by *Carmen Daugherty*; for American Atheists, Inc., by *Geoffrey T. Blackwell*; for the Baptist Joint Committee for Religious Liberty et al. by *David M. Gossett, Thaila K. Sundaresan, K. Hollyn Hollman,* and *Heather E. Kimmel*; for the Charter School Growth Fund by *Jonathan Y. Ellis* and *H. Brent McKnight, Jr.*; for Charter Schools by *Christopher A. Brook*; for Constitutional and Education Law Scholars by *Stephan J. Schlegelmilch*; for Historians and Legal Scholars ## Counsel *James A. Campbell* argued the cause for petitioners in No. 24–394. With him on the brief were *Kristen K. Waggoner*, *Christopher P. Schandevel, Philip A. Sechler, Mark A. Lippelmann, John J. Bursch, Erin M. Hawley, Caroline C. Lindsay, Andrea R. Dill,* and *Cheryl Plaxico.* *Michael H. McGinley* argued the cause for petitioner in No. 24–396. With him on the briefs filed in both cases were *Steven A. Engel, Brian A. Kulp, John A. Meiser, Meredith H. Kessler,* and *Michael R. Perri.* *Solicitor General Sauer* argued the cause for the United States as *amicus curiae* supporting petitioners. On the brief filed in both cases were *Acting Solicitor General Harris, Deputy Assistant Attorney General McArthur, Yaira Dubin, Michael S. Raab, Lowell V. Sturgill, Jr.,* and *Sean R. Janda.* *Gregory G. Garre* argued the cause for respondent in both cases. With him on the brief filed in both cases were *Gentner F. Drummond,* Attorney General of Oklahoma, *Garry M. Gaskins II,* Solicitor General, *Bradley S. Clark, Jordan R. Goldberg,* and *Christine C. Smith.*† ## Per Curiam *Per Curiam.* The judgment is affirmed by an equally divided Court. JUSTICE BARRETT took no part in the consideration or decision of these cases. [\*167] by *Charles A. Rothfeld, Steven K. Green,* and *Eugene R. Fidell*; for the National Alliance for Public Charter Schools by *Pratik A. Shah* and *Kristen E. Loveland*; for the National Association of Charter School Authorizers by *Lisa Scruggs*; for the National Parents Union et al. by *Seth P. Waxman* and *James S. Liebman*; for the Oklahoma Parent Legislative Advocacy Coalition et al. by *Alex J. Luchenitser, Robert Kim, Jessica Levin, Daniel Mach, Heather L. Weaver, Cecillia D. Wang, Louise Melling, Patrick Elliott, Benjamin H. Odom, John H. Sparks, Michael W. Ridgeway,* and *J. Douglas Mann*; for Public Charter School Organizations by *Paul E. Salamanca*; for Public Charter School Parents et al. by *Dallas F. Kratzer III* and *Shaina Richardson*; for Public School Organizations and Advocates by *Daniel A. Rubens, Alyssa Barnard-Yanni, Melanie R. Hallums,* and *Thomas M. Bondy*; and for Scholars of the Religion Clauses by *Donald B. Verrilli, Jr.*, and *Martin S. Lederman*. Briefs of *amici curiae* were filed in both cases for the State of Colorado et al. by *Philip J. Weiser,* Attorney General of Colorado, *Shannon Stevenson,* Solicitor General, *Russell D. Johnson,* Deputy Solicitor General, *Joe Peters,* Senior Assistant Attorney General, and *Abby Chestnut* and *Dayna Zolle Hauser,* Assistant Solicitors General, and by the Attorneys General for their respective jurisdictions as follows: *Kris Mayes* of Arizona, *Rob Bonta* of California, *William Tong* of Connecticut, *Kathleen Jennings* of Delaware, *Brian L. Schwalb* of the District of Columbia, *Kwame Raoul* of Illinois, *Aaron M. Frey* of Maine, *Anthony G. Brown* of Maryland, *Andrea Joy Campbell* of Massachusetts, *Keith Ellison* of Minnesota, *Aaron D. Ford* of Nevada, *Matthew J. Platkin* of New Jersey, *Raúl Torrez* of New Mexico, *Letitia A. James* of New York, *Dan Rayfield* of Oregon, *Peter F. Neronha* of Rhode Island, and *Nicholas W. Brown* of Washington State; for the State of South Carolina et al. by *Alan Wilson,* Attorney General of South Carolina, *Robert D. Cook,* Solicitor General, and *Joseph D. Spate,* Assistant Deputy Solicitor General, and by the Attorneys General for their respective States as follows: *Steve Marshall* of Alabama, *Tim Griffin* of Arkansas, *James Uthmeier* of Florida, *Christopher M. Carr* of Georgia, *Kris Kobach* of Kansas, *Liz Murrill* of Louisiana, *Andrew Bailey* of Missouri, *Austin Knudsen* of Montana, *Michael T. Hilgers* of Nebraska, *Dave Yost* of Ohio, and *Ken Paxton* of Texas; for the Association on American Indian Affairs et al. by *John E. Echohawk, Melody L. McCoy,* and *Morgan E. Saunders*; for Former Elected and Appointed State Officials et al. by *Joshua Tropper*; for the Foundation for Moral Law by *Roy S. Moore* and *Jeffrey Tuomala*; and for Jon R. Meador, *pro se.*